1. Chinyezi cha insulator m'malo a chinyezi, resonance yomwe imapangidwa pamene chingwe cha waya chikugwiritsidwa ntchito, ming'alu imachitika, ndipo mamolekyu amadzi amatha kulowa mosavuta, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale chinyezi cha waya wamagetsi. M'pofunika kulimbikitsa wosanjikiza kutchinjiriza kuteteza mawaya zomangira, kapena kuganizira m'malo zomangira mawaya pamene kuli koopsa.

　　 2. Anawonongedwa Opaleshoni yolakwika, kuwonongeka kwa mawaya mawaya, kuchititsa kupindika mopitirira muyeso wa mawaya mawaya kapena zizindikiro zina, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zisapangidwe bwino. Panthawiyi, waya wamagetsi ayenera kuyang'ana kaye momwe zinthu ziliri ndikuzikonza. Ngati sichikhoza kukonzedwa, ganizirani kusintha chingwe cha mawaya.

　　3. Kuchuluka kwamagetsi Magetsi ochuluka kwambiri amachititsa kuti magetsi awonongeke, zomwe zimayambitsa kulephera kwa chingwe cha mawaya chomwe sichikhoza kupatsidwa mphamvu.

　　4. N'zotheka. Kukalamba kwa insulator kumapangitsa kuti mawayawo asakhale ndi mphamvu nthawi zonse, ndipo izi zingayambitse kutentha kosakwanira kapena kudzaza kwa insulator pakagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi yayitali. Pazifukwa zachitetezo, chingwe cholumikizira ma waya chiyenera kusinthidwa munthawi yake.